Code Completion

Edit page Last modified: 29 九月 2022

Two main types of code completion can be provided by custom language plugins: reference completion and contributor-based completion.

Reference completion is easier to implement, but supports only the basic completion action. Contributor-based completion provides more features, supports all three completion types (basic, smart, and class name), and can be used, for example, to implement keyword completion.

Reference Completion

To fill the completion list, the IDE calls PsiReference.getVariants() either on the reference at the caret location or on a dummy reference that would be placed at the caret. This method needs to return an array of objects containing either strings, PsiElement instances or instances of the LookupElement class (see Lookup Items below). If a PsiElement instance is returned in the array, the completion list shows the icon for the element.

The most common way to implement getVariants() is to use the same function for walking up the tree as in PsiReference.resolve(), and a different implementation of PsiScopeProcessor which collects all declarations passed to its execute() method and returns them as an array for filling the completion list.

Symbol Reference Completion

tip

This API is available starting from 2020.3 and currently in development and thus in experimental state.

To provide completion variants by a PsiSymbolReference implement PsiCompletableReference.

Contributor-Based Completion

Implementing the CompletionContributor interface gives you the greatest control over the operation of code completion for your language. Register in com.intellij.completion.contributor extension point and specify language attribute (unless it works on any supported language).

tip

Note that the JavaDoc of that class contains a detailed FAQ for implementing code completion.

The core scenario of using CompletionContributor consists of calling the extend() method and passing in the Element Pattern specifying the context in which this completion variant is applicable, as well as a completion provider which generates the items to show in the completion list.

Keep in mind that the pattern is checked against the leaf PSI element. If you want to match a composite element, use withParent() or withSuperParent() methods.

Examples:

Lookup Items

Items shown in the completion list are represented by instances of the LookupElement interface. These instances are typically created through the LookupElementBuilder class.

For every lookup element, you can specify the following attributes:

  • Text Shown left-aligned.

  • Tail text Shown next to the main item text, is not used for prefix matching, and can be used, for example, to show the parameter list of the method.

  • Type text Shown right-aligned in the lookup list and can be used to show the return type or containing class of a method, for example.

  • Icon

  • Text attributes Bold, Strikeout, etc.

  • Insert handler The insert handler is a callback which is called when the item is selected and can be used to perform additional modifications of the text (for example, to put in the parentheses for a method call)

How to show a completion popup programmatically

Use AutoPopupController.scheduleAutoPopup().